United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC)

The United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) is the world’s only legally-binding international anti-corruption instrument, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2003 and entering into force in 2005.

It provides a comprehensive framework for countries to prevent and combat corruption, a global phenomenon that undermines stability and development. The Convention requires States Parties to implement preventive measures in both public and private sectors, criminalize a wide range of corrupt acts (such as bribery and embezzlement), and strengthen law enforcement.

Crucially, it establishes robust provisions for international cooperation and makes asset recovery—the return of stolen public funds to the country of origin—a fundamental principle. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) serves as the guardian of the Convention.